GNOMONIC TERMS IN THE SERBIAN LANGUAGE

Authors

  • Zorica Prnjat University of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Belgrade
  • Milutin Tadić University of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Belgrade

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1801051P

Keywords:

gnomon, gnomonics, gnomonic projection, sundial, mathematical geography

Abstract

In Serbia, as in many other European countries, there has been a widespread revival of interest in gnomonics in recent decades. An increasing number of sundials and a growing number of publications on gnomonics demonstrate the popularity of sundialling. Accordingly, it is interesting to find out which gnomonic terms are used, when they appeared and how they developed. In Serbia (and the countries formed after the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia), societies of gnomonics enthusiasts do not exist and therefore it is not reasonable to expect any concern intended to preserve gnomonic heritage or the existence of the gnomonic terminological system. This assumption has been confirmed by the analysis of publications in the field of gnomonics published in the Serbian language. Due to unfavorable historical circumstances in the Balkans, Serbian scientific terminology began to form rather late (19th century) and the first gnomonic terms appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. They were introduced in the articles of the Serbian astronomers, professors Milan Nedeljković (1902) and Vojislav V. Mišković (1930; 1932). However, most of these terms have not been preserved. Contemporary gnomonic terminology is multidisciplinary, and when the terms belonging to neighboring sciences are removed, a small number of gnomonic terms remains. Among them, the following four are the key ones: gnomon, gnomonic projection, sundial and gnomonics. In this paper, a modified definition of the most important term — gnomon has been proposed as well as the definitions of all other key gnomonic terms related to it.

Article metrics

Author Biographies

Zorica Prnjat, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Belgrade

Assistant Professor

Faculty of Geography

University of Belgrade

Milutin Tadić, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Belgrade

Professor

Faculty of Geography

University of Belgrade

References

Aked, C. K. (1997). An Opuscuum of Dialling References. Copyright Exposition.

Aked, C. K., & Severino, N. (1997). International Bibliography of Gnomonica. Retrieved from www.nicolaseverino.it/libri/lib6.pdf

Andonović, M. J. (1888). Cosmography with basic astronomical notes — for higher grades of secondary and teacher training schools (Космографија са основним астрономским напоменама (за више разреде средњих и учитељских школа). Belgrade: Kraljevska državna štamparija.

Arnaldi, M. (Ed.). (2011). Tempus et Regula: Medieval Italian sundials; Origins, history I (Tempus et Regula: Orologi solari medievali italiani; le origini, la storia, I). Ravenna: AM Arte.

Bigourdan, G. (1922). Gnomonics, or theoretical and practical treatise on the construction of sundials (Gnomonique, ou traité théorique et pratique de la construction des cadrans solaires). Paris: Gauthier-Villars.

Bjelaković, I. (2017). Terminology in Serbian in the 18th and 19th centuries: mathematical geography and cartography (Терминологија код Срба у 18. и 19. веку: математичка географија и картографија). Novi Sad: Dva pera.

Bjelaković, I. (2018). Astronomical terminology in the literary language of the Serbs in the 18th and 19th centuries (Астрономска терминологија у књижевном језику Срба 18. и 19. века). Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/document/353688315/Isidora-Bjelakovic-Astronomska-Terminologija

Jovanović, B. (2002). Terminology in astronomy textbooks, II (Терминологија у уџбеницима из астрономије, II). Publ. Astron. Ops. Beograd, 72, 87–101.

Mišković, V. (1930). On sundials (О сунчаним часовницима). Godišnjak našeg neba za godinu 1933, 2, 179–195.

Mišković, V. (1932). On sundials (О сунчаним часовницима). Godišnjak našeg neba za godinu 1933, 4, 274–281.

Nedeljković, M. (1902). Sundial timekeeping (Опредељење часа помоћу сунчаника). Belgrade: Kraljevska državna štamparija.

Nikolić, M. (Ed.) (2007). A dictionary of the Serbian language (Rečnik srpskog jezika). Novi Sad: Matica srpska.

Nosek, M. (2009). Societies of sundial enthusiasts (Společnosti příznivců slunečních hodin). Povětroň, 3, 19–23.

Novaković, S. (1884). Excerpts of medieval cosmography and geography (Одломци средњовековне космографије и географије). Starine, 16, 53–54.

Pantaneli, A., Bressan, C., & Comini, L. (1998). Sundials of Friuli — Venezia Giulia (Meridiane del Friuli — Venezia Giulia). Venice: Forum.

Perrucci, S. (2013). The lines of time: Architecture, gnomonics, geometry (Le linee del tempo: architettura, gnomonica, geometri). (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Open Archive. doi: https://doi.org/10.6092/UNINA/FEDOA/9170)

Prnjat, Z., & Tadić, M (2017). Аsterism and constellation: Terminological dilemmas. Journal of the Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić”, 67(1), 1–10. doi: https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1701001P

Schaldach, K. (2006). The ancient sundials of Greece: Mainland and Peloponnese (Die antiken Sonnenuhren Griechenlands: Festland und Peloponnes). Frankfurt am Main: Verlag Harri Deutsch.

Schwarzinger, K. (2006). Catalogue of fixed sundials in Austria. 3rd.ed. (Katalog der ortsfestenSonnenuhren in Österreich. Edition 3). Vienna: Österreichischer Astronomischer Verein.

Severino, N. (2004). Dictionary of gnomonics (Dizionario di gnomonica). Retrieved from http://www.gnomonica.it/diziona.html

Tadić, M. (1989). The ancient arachne sundial (Antički sunčanik „pauk“). Goriški letnik, 15/16, 17–24.

Tadić, M. (1998). The sundial of the Belgrade Astronomic Observatory. The University Thought: Publication in natural Sciences — University of Priština, 5(1), 71–75.

Tadić, M. (2002). Sundials (Сунчани часовници). Belgrade: Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sredstva.

Tadić, M. (2018). YU Sundials. Retrieved from http://yusundials.com/

Tadić, M., & Prnjat, Z. (2016). Sundials as environmental posters. The Environment: Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4(1), 13–17. Retrieved from http://tadic.education/admin/uploads/Sundials%20as%20Environmental%20Posters.pdf

Tadić, M., Marković, Lj., & Prnjat, Z. (2018). Measuring time along the Silk Road at the time of Marco Polo. The Journal of International Civilization Studies, 3(1), 368–386. Retrieved from http://www.inciss.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Zorica-Prinjat.pdf

The BSS Sundial Glossary. (2018). Retrieved from http://sundialsoc.org.uk/discussions/glossary-a-z/

Vallhonrat, Ј. М. (2000). Eight-language vocabulary of gnomonics. 2nd. ed. (Vocabularu Gnomònic Octolingüe. Segona edició). (n.p.): Author.

Vitruvije, P. (1999). The ten books on architecture (Deset knjiga o arhitekturi). M. Lopac, V. Bedenko (Trans.). Zagreb: Golden marketing i Institut građevinarstva Hrvatske (Original work published I c. BC).

Vujević, P. (1923). Fundamentals of mathematical and physical geography I (Основи математичке и физичке географије I). Belgrade: Državna štamparija Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca.

Downloads

Published

2018-04-20

How to Cite

Prnjat, Z., & Tadić, M. (2018). GNOMONIC TERMS IN THE SERBIAN LANGUAGE. Journal of the Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” SASA, 68(1), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1801051P